Why does twice the sampling rate (Nyquist Theorem) seem inadequate?

1. Why Nyquist rate is 2 times?
2. What happens if sampling rate is inadequate?
3. What will happen if sampling process should not follow the Nyquist theorem?
4. How does sample rate relate to the Nyquist theorem?

Why Nyquist rate is 2 times?

If the signal contains high frequency components, we will need to sample at a higher rate to avoid losing information that is in the signal. In general, to preserve the full information in the signal, it is necessary to sample at twice the maximum frequency of the signal. This is known as the Nyquist rate.

What happens if sampling rate is inadequate?

We show that inadequate sampling rates may produce inversions in the cause-effect relationship among other artifacts. More generally, slow acquisition rates may distort data interpretation and produce deceptive patterns and eventually leading to misinterpretations, as predators becoming preys.

What will happen if sampling process should not follow the Nyquist theorem?

If the Nyquist theorem is not obeyed, higher frequency information is recorded in too low a sample rate, resulting in aliasing artifacts.

How does sample rate relate to the Nyquist theorem?

This theorem states that the highest frequency which can be represented accurately is one half of the sampling rate. The Nyquist rate specifies the minimum sampling rate that fully describes a given signal; in other words a sampling rate that enables the signal's accurate reconstruction from the samples.