Which of an array's contiguous subarrays is an algorithm best applied to?

1. What's a contiguous subarray?
2. How many contiguous subarrays are in an array?

What's a contiguous subarray?

A contiguous subarray is simply a subarray of an array with a condition that the elements of the subarray should be in exact sequence as the sequence of the elements in the array.

How many contiguous subarrays are in an array?

The number of all possible subarrays of an array of size N is N * (N + 1)/2.