Howtosignalprocessing
- What is X vector in speech recognition?
- What is I-vector and d-vector?
- What is iVectors?
- What is universal background model?
What is X vector in speech recognition?
X-vectors are the embeddings extracted from the first segment-level layer of the DNN. They are a representation of the audio segment and are a representation of a speaker when they are averaged over different audio segments of the same speaker.
What is I-vector and d-vector?
D-vector is the averaged activation from the last hidden layer of this DNN. So unlike the i-vector framework, this doesn't have any assumptions about the feature's distribution (the i-vector framework assumes that the i-vector, or the latent variable has a Gaussian distribution).
What is iVectors?
its iVector [1], a low dimensional vector indicating the coordi- nate of that utterance in a subspace acoustic model. We show. that the distribution of iVectors can characterize a data set and. enables distinguishing subsets of utterances from different do-
What is universal background model?
A Universal Background Model (UBM) is a model used in a biometric verification system to represent general, person-independent feature characteristics to be compared against a model of person-specific feature characteristics when making an accept or reject decision.
