Quadrature

Synthesizing a signal from inphase and quad components

Synthesizing a signal from inphase and quad components
  1. What is in-phase and quadrature of signal?
  2. What are I and Q signals?
  3. How does IQ modulation work?

What is in-phase and quadrature of signal?

In-Phase and Quadrature

In any event, “in-phase” and “quadrature” refer to two sinusoids that have the same frequency and are 90° out of phase. By convention, the I signal is a cosine waveform, and the Q signal is a sine waveform.

What are I and Q signals?

The terms I-component and Q-component are common ways of referring to the in-phase and quadrature signals. Both signals comprise a high-frequency sinusoid (or carrier) that is amplitude-modulated by a relatively low-frequency function, usually conveying some sort of information.

How does IQ modulation work?

An IQ modulator is a device that converts baseband information into RF signals. Internally, two double-balanced mixers are combined as shown below. By modulating with both in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) inputs, any arbitrary output amplitude and phase can be selected.

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