Spectral leakage issue cannot solved using windowing

1. How does windowing reduce spectral leakage?
2. How do you deal with spectral leakage?
3. What is leakage and windowing?
4. What is spectral leakage caused by?

How does windowing reduce spectral leakage?

Spectral leakage is caused by discontinuities in the original, noninteger number of periods in a signal and can be improved using windowing. Windowing reduces the amplitude of the discontinuities at the boundaries of each finite sequence acquired by the digitizer.

How do you deal with spectral leakage?

We have seen that spectral leakage is reduced by tapering the digital signal by a window function before the DFT takes place. A generalization of this technique is the short-time discrete Fourier transform (STDFT).

What is leakage and windowing?

Windowing of a simple waveform like cos(ωt) causes its Fourier transform to develop non-zero values (commonly called spectral leakage) at frequencies other than ω. The leakage tends to be worst (highest) near ω and least at frequencies farthest from ω.

What is spectral leakage caused by?

Spectral leakage results from an assumption in the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and discrete Fourier transform (DFT) algorithms that the time record exactly repeats throughout all time. Thus, signals in a time record are periodic at intervals that correspond to the length of the time record.