Relation between frequency and phase in PLL?

1. How does PLL increase frequency?
2. What is the frequency of PLL?
3. How is PLL frequency calculated?
4. When the VCO frequency continues to change the PLL is said to be in phase locked state?

How does PLL increase frequency?

A phase-locked loop (PLL) uses a reference frequency to generate a multiple of that frequency. A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is initially tuned roughly to the range of the desired frequency multiple. The signal from the VCO is divided down using frequency dividers by the multiplication factor.

What is the frequency of PLL?

In these examples, two PLLs are used to generate frequencies suitable for a 5G systems local oscillator (LO) in a range between 7.4 GHz to 7.6 GHz, with 1 MHz of channel resolution.

How is PLL frequency calculated?

N = [A × (P + 1)] + [(B – A) × P] = AP + A + BP – AP = BP + A. Therefore, FOUT = (FREF/R) × (BP + A), as in Figure 4. There are many specifications to consider when designing a PLL. The input RF frequency range and the channel spacing determine the value of the R and N counter and the prescaler parameters.

When the VCO frequency continues to change the PLL is said to be in phase locked state?

Once the input frequency is applied, the VCO frequency start to change & PLL is said to be in capture mode. When the VCO frequency continues to change until it is equal to the input frequency, the PLL is said to be in phase locked state. 5.