What hardware is needed for SDR?
It is not appropriate to list detailed computer requirements (as so many variations are possible nowadays!), but we recommend you have a modern computer with a 'good' processor (such as a recent Intel i5, i7, AMD FX-8k series or similar core), at least 8GB of RAM, and 30GB of free hard drive space.
Can I use my phone as an SDR?
Theoretically, yes. You'd need to find and change the firmware for Layer 1 (physical) of your phone's protocol stack. You'd need a new demodulator and whatever other processing to extract a baseband message from the RF signals that you could receive.
What is an SDR device?
A software-defined radio (SDR) system is a radio communication system which uses software for the modulation and demodulation of radio signals. An SDR performs significant amounts of signal processing in a general purpose computer, or a reconfigurable piece of digital electronics.