How does NOAA apt work?
noaa-apt and WXtoImg can calculate the orbit of the satellite and rotate the image accordingly. Images look much better on daylight, the satellites also send infrared images at night but I recommend receiving passes when the sun is high in the sky. These satellites send images at realtime, line by line.
How do I get satellite weather images?
You need a dish antenna and some quite expensive equipment to receive images from them. Orbiting satellites are only a few hundred kilometres above the Earth's surface. They move all the time, so they can only be received when they are above your horizon, but when they are, the signals from them are much stronger.