Can I make a radar at home?
No. To get a decent reflection, the wavelength has to be comparable or preferably less than the size of the object. And you can only make highly directional antennas if the wavelength is small. The earliest radars operated at about 10m wavelength; by the end of WW2 they were working with a 3cm wavelength.
How to design a radar system?
Radar system design is a complex process that relies on simulation and analysis over a design space spanning the digital, analog, RF, and data processing domains. These domains extend across the complete signal chain, from the antenna array, to radar signal processing algorithms, to data processing and control.
How does passive radar work?
In a passive radar system, there is no dedicated transmitter. Instead, the receiver uses third-party transmitters in the environment and measures the time difference of arrival between the signal arriving directly from the transmitter and the signal arriving via reflection from the object.