How does FastICA work?
Like most ICA algorithms, FastICA seeks an orthogonal rotation of prewhitened data, through a fixed-point iteration scheme, that maximizes a measure of non-Gaussianity of the rotated components.
Which algorithm deals with the independent components?
ICA uses the idea of non-Gaussianity to uncover independent components. Non-Gaussianity quantifies how far the distribution of a random variable is from being Gaussian. Example measures of non-Gaussianity are kurtosis and negentropy.