Direct Form II , IIR filter

1. What is direct form of IIR filter?
2. What is direct form II?
3. What is the advantage of the direct form II?
4. What is the advantage of a direct form II for over from I?

What is direct form of IIR filter?

The transfer function of an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter is defined as follows: where z is a complex variable, M is the order of the numerator, N is the order of the denominator, a is the set of reverse coefficients, and b is the set of forward coefficients.

What is direct form II?

In general, a direct form realization refers to a structure where the coefficients of the transfer function appear directly as Gain blocks. The direct form II realization method is presented as using the minimal number of delay elements, which is equal to n, the order of the transfer function denominator.

What is the advantage of the direct form II?

The advantage of the direct form-II realization of continuous-time systems is that it uses minimum number of integrators. In this realization structure, an intermediate variable is integrated, instead of using the separate integrators for integrating the input and output variables separately.

What is the advantage of a direct form II for over from I?

(ii) The Direct Form-II structure has the advantage over the Direct Form I as it requires less memory storage for the data samples. These types of filters are an all-pole filter followed by an all-zero (forward) filter. The issue is the high gain of the all-pole section.