Carrier and timing offset

1. What is timing offset?
2. What is carrier phase offset?
3. What causes carrier frequency offset?
4. What is carrier frequency offset in OFDM?

What is timing offset?

The delay of the received signal relative to the expected signal from a MS (Mobile Station) at zero distance under static channel conditions with zero timing advance.

What is carrier phase offset?

This is the phase difference of the carrier phase of a pattern item relative to the carrier phase of another pattern item. If only one pattern item defines a pattern then the phase offset is relative to the carrier.

What causes carrier frequency offset?

Carrier frequency offset often occurs when the local oscillator signal for down-conversion in the receiver does not synchronize with the carrier signal contained in the received signal.

What is carrier frequency offset in OFDM?

Carrier frequency offset (CFO) is one of most well-known disturbances for OFDM. It generates inter-carrier interference (ICI) and degrades OFDM performance [1]. In order to mitigate the negative influence, CFO is usually estimated and compensated accordingly during OFDM reception.