What is periodogram in time series?
A periodogram is used to identify the dominant periods (or frequencies) of a time series. This can be a helpful tool for identifying the dominant cyclical behavior in a series, particularly when the cycles are not related to the commonly encountered monthly or quarterly seasonality.
What is signal spectrum?
The signal spectrum describes a signal's magnitude and phase characteristics as a function of frequency. The system spectrum describes how the system changes signal magnitude and phase as a function of frequency. For example, At the lower frequencies, below around 80 Hz, the magnitude spectrum is 1.0.